Although the types of field sports are very wide, professional field sports clothing such as assault suits are mainly for alpine sports such as mountain climbing and skiing. In addition to the physical and technical requirements of the participants themselves, field sports also require field clothing to be able to get used to the harsh climate and messy geographical environment to ensure the personal safety of the athletes.

Although there is no essential difference between field sports clothing and home clothing, due to the two characteristics of field and sports, the requirements for clothing are relatively strict and strict: field sports generate large heat and sweat transpiration, and require clothing to have good heat dissipation and ventilation functions. It is inevitable to encounter wind, rain, snow and fog in the field. Clothing should have certain waterproof function. Field sports expect to reduce load as much as possible, clothing should be as light as possible, and the wind in the field, the mountain is cold, the wind-proof and warm-keeping function is high, the field washing conditions are limited, and the antibacterial, deodorization and anti-contamination requirements of clothing are high.

For field work, rock climbing and forest piercing, the clothing is required to have good tensile and tear resistance... These functional requirements are very strict from the perspective of textile skills, and even many indicators are in conflict with each other. Any single natural or chemical fiber can not meet these requirements, only through a variety of fiber composite and multi-channel chemical cleaning to try to reach these functions.

Warmness:

Although the warmth is closely related to the thickness of the fabric, the field sports do not allow the clothing to be too heavy, so it is necessary to keep warm and light to meet the special requirements of the field sports clothing. The most common method is to add special ceramic powder containing chromium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconium oxide and other special ceramic powders, especially nano-scale fine ceramic powder, which can absorb visible light such as sunlight and convert it into heat, and can also reflect the far infrared rays emitted by the human body itself, so it has excellent heat preservation and heat storage functions.

Of course, the far-infrared ceramic powder, adhesive and crosslinking agent can also be formulated into a cleaning agent, and the woven fabric is coated, and then dried and baked to make the nano ceramic powder adhere to the appearance of the fabric and between the yarn. This kind of cleaning agent emits a wavelength of 8~14 m far infrared ray, but also has antibacterial, deodorant, promote blood circulation and other health functions.

In addition, according to the principle of bionics, referring to the structure of polar bear hair, the inside of polyester fiber is made into a porous hollow shape, so that a lot of non-circulating air is included in the fiber, and the outside is made into a spiral crimp shape to maintain looseness, which can play a good heat preservation effect on the premise of ensuring light texture. Of course, making clothes and even fabrics into double layers or even three layers to increase the non-circulating air layer is also one of the most traditional ways to keep warm.

Waterproof and moisture permeability:

Sports games emit a lot of sweat, but the wild and inevitably encounter wind and rain, which itself is a pair of contradictions: not only to prevent rain and snow soaking, but also to be able to discharge the sweat emitted by the body in time. Fortunately, the human body emits water vapor in a single molecule state, while rain and snow are liquid droplets in a collective state, and their sizes are very different. In addition, liquid water has a characteristic called appearance tension, that is, the characteristic of approaching its own volume. The water we see on the lotus leaf is granular water droplets instead of flat water stains. This is because the lotus leaf has a layer of waxy feather arrangement on the surface, and the water droplets cannot spread and soak on this layer of waxy feathers due to appearance tension.

If you dissolve a drop of scrubbing agent or washing powder into the water droplets, because the scrubbing agent can greatly reduce the external tension of the liquid, the water droplets will immediately disintegrate and spread out on the lotus leaf. Waterproof and moisture-permeable clothing is a chemical coating that uses the external tension characteristic of water to coat a layer of PTFE (the same chemical composition and different physical structure as the "king of corrosion-resistant fibers" polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE) on the fabric to enhance the external tension of the fabric, so that water droplets can be tightened as much as possible without spreading and infiltrating the external surface of the fabric, and then cannot penetrate the pores on the fabric arrangement. Together, this coating is porous, and water vapor in the single-molecule state can smoothly pass through the capillary channels between the fibers to the appearance of the fabric.

If you stop to rest in the wild after a large amount of exercise, there may be water droplets formed in the inner layer of clothes because of the low outside temperature and the inability of sweat to escape in time, which makes people feel very uncomfortable. This is the so-called "condensation" phenomenon. There is a special moisture permeability cleaning process called "low condensation". It uses polyurethane (PU) and hydrophilic nano-ceramic powder to coat and clean the fabric, which can absorb too much sweat vapor when the body evaporates sweat, and then avoids the phenomenon that the water vapor inside the clothes exceeds the saturated vapor pressure and is converted into water droplets.

In addition to the way from the fiber and coating, the fabric structure can also try to do moisture wicking. For example, the double-layer structure is selected, the inner layer of the close-fitting is made of hydrophobic fibers, and the outer layer is made of hydrophilic fibers, so that sweat can be transferred from the skin to the inner layer of fibers by capillary action. Because the binding force between the outer layer of hydrophilic fibers and water molecules is stronger than that of the inner layer of hydrophobic fibers, water molecules are transferred from the inner layer of the fabric to the outer layer again, and finally to the atmosphere.

Antibacterial and deodorant:

Because of the characteristics of the movement of the formation of sweat, sebaceous gland many excretion. However, in the field conditions, it is not possible to change clothes frequently. Under the suitable temperature and humidity environment, microorganisms will multiply in many places, resulting in unsightly odors and itching. Therefore, the regular field sports clothing is cleaned up by antibacterial and deodorant chemicals. The way to pick up the general is will have the effect of sterilization of organic quaternary amine type, imidazoline type surface active agent or silver, copper and other heavy metal ions through the resin and cross-linking agent fixed on the fiber, so that it has a certain washability. Of course, an important criterion for selecting sterilants must be non-toxic or low-toxic, otherwise it will be the end of the book.

In recent years, Japan has done a lot of research on natural antibacterial cleaning agents. For example, aromatic oil extracts with sterilization effect such as aloe, wormwood, eucalyptus and rose are selected, coated in porous organic microcapsules or porous ceramic powder, attached to fabrics, crosslinked and fixed with resin, and slowly released sterilizing agents through mechanical effects such as conflict and backlog to achieve the purpose of durable antibacterial cleaning. This kind of natural antibacterial agent is not only non-toxic and harmless, and there is a certain health function, should be the development direction of antibacterial cleaning. However, because the method of fixing antibacterial agents is now very limited, the washing resistance of antibacterial agents is not good, and the antibacterial function decreases every time it is washed, and generally disappears completely after dozens of times.

Dow Corning AEGIS mildew antibacterial agent uses molecular bonding method to evenly distribute 18 long carbon chains on the appearance of the fabric, which is integrated with the fabric fiber, and then sterilized by physical action, which is different from other sterilization by chemical action to achieve permanent antibacterial effect.

Anti-fouling and decontamination:

Field sports often walk in muddy and wet mountains and forests, it is inevitable to wipe dirty clothes, which requires that the appearance of clothing should not be easily stained by stains as much as possible, and once stained, it should be easy to wash and remove. Change the appearance of the fiber function, greatly improve the appearance of the fabric tension, so that oil stains and other stains are difficult to soak into the fabric inside, slight stains can be wiped off with a wet cloth, heavy stains are also easy to clean.

The anti-pollution cleaning can not only prevent the pollution of oil pollution, but also has the function of waterproof and moisture permeability. It is generally called "three prevention cleaning" (water repellent, oil repellent and anti-pollution). It is attributed to the more practical and effective high-grade chemical cleaning method, which is commonly used in the outer layer of clothing and the fabric cleaning of backpacks, shoes and tents.

Antistatic and radiation protection:

Mountain climbing is the core content of field sports. In addition to the original dense forest, the high mountain plateau area above 3000 meters above sea level is generally boring because of low air pressure and easy volatilization of water. The field clothing is basically made of chemical fiber fabrics, so the electrostatic problem is more outstanding. The damage of static electricity is generally manifested as easy fuzzing and pilling of clothes, dust and dirt, electric shock and stickiness close to the skin, etc. If you carry precision electronic instruments such as electronic compass, altitude meter, GPS navigator, etc., you may be disturbed by the static electricity of the clothing and produce fault, bring serious consequences.

Any object that conflicts with each other may produce static electricity, but as long as the boring insulating object will accumulate static electricity to form damage. Therefore, the best antistatic fabric is of course made of natural fibers, but as mentioned above, pure natural fibers are difficult to serve as special requirements for field sports, and even natural fibers, in a very boring environment, will also be due to the lack of water molecules.

There are two main ways to clean up the anti-static of the fabric: one is to simply weave metal wires into the fabric to make conductive fabric (together with electromagnetic wave shielding fabric and anti-radiation fabric) to conduct and dissipate the static electricity generated by the conflict to the outside world in time. However, this fabric is not suitable for sports clothing, mainly because of poor softness and comfort. Another method is to use block polyether, polyacrylate and other anti-static agents with moisture absorption, to the fabric surface coated with a layer of chemical film can absorb water molecules, so that the fabric surface to form a layer of continuous conductive water film, the electrostatic conduction to escape.

High altitude area because the atmosphere is relatively thin, the blocking and filtering effect of ultraviolet light is greatly reduced, and the intensity of ultraviolet light is much higher than that of low altitude area. Ultraviolet rays can effectively promote the production of vitamins and have a sterilizing effect, but excessive strong illumination will cause damage to human skin. The penetrating power of ultraviolet rays is very strong, and the general fiber fabric cannot completely shield its shining. The nanoscale inorganic titanium dioxide (TiO2), nano zinc oxide (ZnO) UV shielding agent and organic salicylic acid, cyanoacrylate, benzophenone, benzotriazole and other UV absorbers, the selection of resin crosslinking method fixed on the fabric, it can play a certain role in radiation protection.

It can be said that field sports clothing represents the latest cutting-edge skills in the development of textile science, which is also an important reason why a seemingly inconspicuous mountain climbing suit and charge pants often cost hundreds of thousands or even thousands of yuan (of course, it does not exclude factors such as brand value and functional style). Although the price is not low, but a set of windproof, breathable, moisture-proof, warm, radiation and other functions as one of the professional field sports clothing, for a climber, sometimes may have the same meaning as life!

However, because of the diversity, clutter and unpredictability of field sports, there may be many different requirements for the function of clothing due to different environments and sports methods. Therefore, as far as the current scientific skills are concerned, it is still difficult to achieve the overall function of field sports clothing.

Article from: Sanshun clothing customhttp://www.samsunclothing.com/